Plastic and Rubber Tensile Test 2

 Tensile Strength Testing Standards

 Tensile Strength Testing

For materials, semi-finished  and final products,  tensile or tension testing is the most important  type of mechanical test we can perform on them.

Tensile tests are simple, inexpensive, and  standardized. By pulling on something, we will  quickly determine how the material will react to forces being applied in tension. As the material is being pulled, we will find its strength and amount of its elongation.

 Applications

Tensile tests are used to measure the strength and elongation of textiles,plastics,rubbers, pipes, films, sheets, cables, composites, fixtures , couplings, connectors,  fasteners,  or in the packaging industry to measure the force required to open a container, flip a cap, pull a stopper, etc.

For materials testing,tensile properties such as ultimate strength of a material, elongation and force at break are measured. In these tests,  standards define the sample dimensions, grips and fixtures are used.

Features of tensile testing

Major features of tensile testing are: speed, extension and force, the ability to hold at extension and load ( creep and stress relaxation), and application of proper grips and fixtures.

Major Tensile Strength Standards

A lot of  tensile testing standards have been developed by organisation such as ASTM, BSI, DIN, ISO and MIL. Frequently used tensile standards are:

  • ASTM F2458 – 05(2015) -Standard Test Method for Wound Closure Strength of Tissue Adhesives and Sealants

  • ASTM F2258 – 05(2015) -Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Tissue Adhesives in Tension

  • ISO 7685-Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Determination of initial specific ring stiffness

  • DIN EN 1228 Plastics piping systems – Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes – Determination of initial specific ring stiffness;

  • ASTM D2412 – 11 Standard Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading

  • DIN 53769-3 Testing of glass fibre reinforced plastics pipes; determination of initial and long-term ring stiffness

  • ISO 10466:1997 -Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Test method to prove the resistance to initial ring deflection

  • DIN EN 1226 -Plastics piping systems – Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes – Test method to prove the resistance to initial ring deflection

  • ASTM D2412 – 11 -Standard Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading

  • BS EN ISO-12230 – Surfaces for sports areas. Determination of tensile properties of synthetic sports surfaces
  • DIN 16868-2-Glass fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester resin (UP-GF) pipes – Part 2: Wound, filled, general quality requirements, testing
  • BS EN-4057-401 – Aerospace series. Cable ties for harnesses. Test methods. Loop tensile strength
  • BS EN ISO-2062 – Textiles. Yarns from packages. Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break using constant rate of extension (CRE) tester
  • BS EN ISO-8670-2 – Ostomy collection bags. Requirements and test methods
  • BS EN ISO-13002 – Carbon fibre. Designation system for filament yarn
  • BS EN-61067-2 – Glass and polyester fibre woven tapes. Method of test
  • BS EN-61300-2-4 – Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-4: Tests – Fibre/cable retention
  • BS EN-61300-2-6 – Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-6: Tests – Tensile strength of coupling mechanism
  • BS EN ISO-10618 – Carbon fibre. Determination of tensile properties of resin-impregnated yarn
  • BS EN ISO-10618 – Carbon fibre. Determination of tensile properties of resin-impregnated yarn
  • BS EN ISO-12625-12 – Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 12: Determination of tensile strength of perforated lines — Calculation of perforation efficiency
  • ISO-12625-4 – Tissue paper and tissue products – Part 4: Determination of tensile strength, stretch at break and tensile energy absorption
  • ISO-12625-5 – Tissue paper and tissue products – Part 5: Determination of wet tensile strength
  • BS ISO-3341 – Textile glass. Yarns. Determination of breaking force and breaking elongation
  • BS-1726-2 – Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar. Guide to methods of specifying, tolerances and testing. Part 2, extension springs
  • BS EN-1263-1 – Safety nets Safety requirements, test methods
  • BS EN-14350-1 – Child use and care articles. Drinking equipment. General and mechanical requirements and tests
  • BS EN-1607 – Thermal insulating products for building applications – Determination of tensile strength perpendicular to faces
  • ISO-3781 – Paper and board — Determination of tensile strength after immersion in water
  • BS-373 – Methods of testing small clear specimens of timber
  • BS EN-12209 – Building hardware. Locks and latches. Mechanically operated locks, latches and locking plates. Requirements and test methods
  • BS EN-12209 – Building hardware. Locks and latches. Mechanically operated locks, latches and locking plates. Requirements and test methods
  • BS EN-2307 – Fibre ropes. Determination of certain physical and mechanical properties
  • ISO-37 – Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
  • TAPPI-T 1009 – Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber glass mats
  • TAPPI-T 456 – Wet tensile breaking strength of paper and paperboard (‘wet tensile strength’)
  • TAPPI-T 541 – Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction tensile)
  • TAPPI-T 576 – Tensile properties of towel and tissue products (using constant rate of elongation apparatus)
  • TAPPI-T 812 – Ply separation of solid and corrugated fiberboard (wet)
  • ASTM-E1012 – Standard Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force Application
  • ASTM-E345 – Standard Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Foil
  • BS EN-62275 – Cable management systems. Cable ties for electrical installations
  • BS EN ISO-10319 – Geosynthetics. Wide-width tensile tests
  • ASTM A370 Tensile Bend Strength Steel Test Equipment
  • ASTM A931 Steel Wire Rope Tension Test Equipment
  • ASTM A1044 Steel Stud Assemblies Test Machine
  • ASTM C1135 Tensile Adhesion Test Equipment
  • ASTM D143 Timber Clear Specimen Test Equipment
  • ASTM D1623 Tensile Adhesion of Rigid Cellular Plastic
  • ASTM D1708 Tensile Testing for Plastics and Microtensile Specimens
  • ASTM D2343 Tensile Glass Fiber Strands Yarns Rovings Testing Equipment
  • ASTM D3039 Tensile Testing for Advanced Composite Materials
  • ASTM D3217 Breaking Tenacity of Manufactured Textile Fibers in Loop or Knot Configurations
  • ASTM D3759 Tensile and Elongation of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
  • ASTM D4073 Tensile-Tear Tests of Bituminous Roofing Membranes
  • ASTM D412 – Tension Testing for Rubber and Elastomers
  • ASTM D4595 Wide-Width Tensile Test Equipment for Geotextiles
  • ASTM D4964 Tension and Elongation of Elastic Fabrics
  • ASTM D638 Tension Testing for Plastics
  • ASTM D7205 Tensile Tests of GFRP Matrix Composite Bars
  • ASTM D828 Tensile Force Deflection of Paper and Paperboard
  • ASTM D882 Tensile Testing for Thin Plastic Sheeting
  • ASTM E21 Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metals
  • ASTM E8 Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
  • ISO 4587 Tensile Lap-Shear Strength of Rigid-to-Rigid Bonded Assemblies
  • ASTM-D349 – Standard Test Methods for Laminated Round Rods Used for Electrical Insulation
  • ASTM-D3822 – Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
  • ASTM-D7269 – Standard Test Methods for Tensile Testing of Aramid Yarns
  • BS EN ISO-10555-5 – Intravascular catheters. Sterile and single-use catheters. Over-needle peripheral catheters
  • BS EN ISO-283 – Textile conveyor belts. Full thickness tensile strength, elongation at break and elongation at the reference load. Test method
  • BS ISO-6939 – Textiles – Yarns from packages – Method of test for breaking strength of yarn by the skein method
  • ISO-11070 – Sterile, single-use intravascular catheter introducers
  • ASTM D2105 : longitudinal tensile properties of ‘fiberglass’ (glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin) pipe and tube
  • ASTM D3574 : flexible cellular materials – slab, bonded, and molded urethane foams
  • ASTM D5034 : breaking strength and elongation of textile fabrics (grab test)
  • BS EN 3475-505 : aerospace series, cables, electrical, aircraft use, test methods, tensile test on conductors and strands
  • BS EN 50289-3-16 : communication cables, specifications for test methods, mechanical test methods, cable tensile performance
  • BS EN 50289-3-17 : communication cables, specifications for test methods, mechanical test methods, adhesion of dielectric and sheath
  • BS EN 50289-3-2 : communication cables, specifications for test methods, mechanical test methods, tensile strength and elongation for conductor
  • BS EN 50289-3-4 : communication cables, specifications for test methods, mechanical test methods, tensile strength, elongation and shrinkage of insulation and sheath
  • BS EN 60793-1-31 : optical fibres, measurement methods and test procedures, tensile strength
  • IEC 61196-1-308 : coaxial communication cables – Part 1-308: mechanical test methods – test for tensile strength and elongation for copper-clad metals
  • ISO 527-5 : plastics – determination of tensile properties – Part 5: test conditions for unidirectional fibre-reinforced plastic composites
  • ISO-1924-3 – Paper and board – Determination of tensile properties – Part 3: Constant rate of elongation method (100 mm/min)
  • ISO 1924-2 : paper and board – determination of tensile properties – Part 2: constant rate of elongation method (20 mm/min)
  • ASTM-D2061-07 – Standard Test Methods for Strength Tests for Zippers
  • BS-2782-3: 326E – Plastics. Determination of tensile properties. Test conditions for films and sheets
  • BS EN-2591-417 – Aerospace series. Elements of electrical and optical connection. Test methods. Tensile strength (crimped connection)
  • BS EN-2591-709 – Aerospace series. Elements of electrical and optical connection. Test methods. Electrical elements. Tensile strength of couplers
  • BS EN-564 – Mountaineering equipment. Accessory cord. Safety requirements and test methods
  • BS EN-565 – Mountaineering equipment. Tape. Safety requirements and test methods
  • BS EN ISO-1806 – Fishing nets. Determination of mesh breaking force of netting
  • BS EN ISO-527-1 – Plastics. Determination of tensile properties. General principles
  • BS EN ISO-527-3 – Plastics. Determination of tensile properties. Test conditions for films and sheets
  • BS ISO-7322 – Composition cork. Test methods
  • DIN-3419-1 – Slide fasteners – Part 1: Technical delivery conditions
  • FEFCO-4-6,8,11,50,55 – Introduction to the development of FEFCO Testing Methods for corrugated board and boxes
  • SAE-AS23190A – Wiring, Positioning, and Support Accessories

  • ASTM D4894 – 15 -Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials

  • ASTM-D1578 – Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength of Yarn in Skein Form
  • ASTM-D1710 – Standard Specification for Extruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy Walled Tubing and Basic Shapes
  • ASTM-D2256 – Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarns by the Single-Strand Method
  • ASTM-D2653 – Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Elastomeric Yarns (CRE Type Tensile Testing Machines)
  • ASTM-D2731 – Standard Test Method for Elastic Properties of Elastomeric Yarns (CRE Type Tensile Testing Machines)
  • ASTM-D3950 – Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
  • ASTM-D4632 – Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
  • ASTM-D5034-09 – Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
  • ASTM-D5035 – Standard Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
  • ASTM-D6713 – Standard Specification for Extruded and Compression Molded Shapes Made from Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF)
  • ASTM-D885 – Standard Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manufactured Organic-Base Fibers
  • ASTM-E8 – Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
  • BS-7907 – Code of practice for the design and manufacture of children’s clothing to promote mechanical safety
  • BS EN-455-2 – Medical gloves for single use. Requirements and testing for physical properties
  • BS EN-50289-3-2 – Communication cables. Specifications for test methods. Mechanical test methods. Tensile strength and elongation for conductor
  • BS EN-50289-3-4 – Communication cables. Specifications for test methods. Mechanical test methods. Tensile strength, elongation and shrinkage of insulation and sheath
  • BS EN ISO-13934-1 – Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Determination of maximum force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method
  • BS EN ISO-4074 – Natural latex rubber condoms. Requirements and test methods
  • BS EN ISO-5079 – Textiles. Fibres. Determination of breaking force and elongation at break of individual fibres
  • BS EN ISO-527-1 – Plastics. Determination of tensile properties. General principles
  • IEC-60371-2 – specification for insulating materials based on mica – part 2 methods of test
  • IEC-61196-1-308 – Coaxial communication cables – Part 1-308: Mechanical test methods – Test for tensile strength and elongation for copper-clad metals
  • ISO-1421 – Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics – Determination of tensile strength and elongation at break
  • ISO-37 – Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
  • ISO-5079 – Textile fibres — Determination of breaking force and elongation at break of individual fibres
  • ISO-9073-18 – Textiles – Test methods for nonwovens – Part 18: Determination of breaking strength and elongation of nonwoven materials using the grab tensile test
  • ISO-9073-3 – Textiles – Test methods for nonwovens – Part 3: Determination of tensile strength and elongation
  • ASTM-D751 – Standard Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
  • ASTM-E328 – Standard Test Methods for Stress Relaxation Tests for Materials and Structures
  • ASTM-C1368 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress-Rate Strength Testing at Ambient Temperature
  • ASTM-D3916 – Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Pultruded Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Rod
  • ASTM-D5450 – Standard Test Method for Transverse Tensile Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
  • ASTM-F458 – Standard Practice for Nondestructive Pull Testing of Wire Bonds
  • BS EN-29073-3 – Methods of test for nonwovens. Determination of tensile strength and elongation
  • BS EN ISO-6892-1 – Metallic materials. Tensile testing. Method of test at ambient temperature
  • BS EN ISO-9163 – Textile glass. Rovings. Manufacture of test specimens and determination of tensile strength of impregnated rovings

  • BS EN 12562- Textiles. Para-aramid multifilament yarns. Test methods

  • JIS C5016 (1994) “Test methods for flexible printed wiring boards”
  • JIS Z0237(2000) “Testing methods of pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes and sheets”
  • A peel test part of ISO 29862: 2007 [Self adhesive tapes−Determination of peel adhesion properties] (A peel test part of JIS Z 0237: 2009)
  • IEC 60286-3:2013 “Packaging of components for automatic handling-Part 3: Packaging of surface mount components on continuous tapes” (Partly) (Corresponding Japanese standard: JIS C0806-3:2014)
  • Hook and loop fastener peel strength test
  • Cup film lid opening (peel) strength test: JIS S0022(2001) “Guidelines for all people including elderly and people with disabilities-Packaging and receptacles-Test methods for opening”
  • JIS Z 3198-7: 2003 “Test methods for lead-free solders-Part 7: Method for shear strength of solder joints on chip components”
  • Corrugated cardboard sealing (peel) strength test
  • ASTM D2979:2016 ‘Standard Test Method for Pressure-Sensitive Tack of Adhesives Using an Inverted Probe Machine’ (Partly)
  • Book binding adhesion (bond) test

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